Influenza virus hedges its bets

2009 H1N1 Influenza Virus Seroepidemiology

Structure of Intratumor Heterogeneity: Is Cancer Hedging Its Bets?

Development of resistance limits transferability of most anticancer therapies into curative treatment and understanding mechanisms beyond it remains a big challenge. Many high resolution experimental observations show enormous intratumor heterogeneity at molecular, genetic and cellular levels which is made responsible for emerging resistance to therapy. Therefore, researchers search techniques ...

Galois Connections with Hedges

We introduce (fuzzy) Galois connections with hedges. Fuzzy Galois connections are basic structures behind so-called formal concept analysis of data with fuzzy attributes. Introducing hedges to Galois connections means introducing two parameters. The parameters influence the size of the set of all the fixpoints of a Galois connection. In the sense of formal concept analysis, the fixpoints, calle...

Influenza virus binds its host cell using multiple dynamic interactions.

Influenza virus belongs to a wide range of enveloped viruses. The major spike protein hemagglutinin binds sialic acid residues of glycoproteins and glycolipids with dissociation constants in the millimolar range [Sauter NK, et al. (1992) Biochemistry 31:9609-9621], indicating a multivalent binding mode. Here, we characterized the attachment of influenza virus to host cell receptors using three ...

Anti-influenza virus effects of elderberry juice and its fractions.

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) has traditionally been used for treating influenza and colds. We evaluated the antiviral effect of concentrated juice of elderberry (CJ-E) on the human influenza A virus (IFV). CJ-E had a relatively strong effect on IFV-infected mice, although its anti-IFV activity was weak in a cell culture system. The in vivo anti-IFV activities of the fractions were determined ...